Nixon: The Man

A Life in Full

beginning
THE BEGINNING
PUBLIC SERVICE
leadership
LEADERSHIP
elder-statesman
ELDER STATESMAN

THE BEGINNING

1910-1930s

January 9, 1913

Born in Yorba Linda, California

Richard Milhous Nixon is born to Frank and Hannah Nixon in a small farmhouse on the family’s citrus ranch. He is the second of five sons.

“My mother was a saint.”

1922

The Nixon family
moves to Whittier

Seeking better opportunities, the Nixons relocate to Whittier, California, and open a grocery store and gas station. Richard helps run the family business after school.

BIRTH OF A PUBLIC SERVANT

1930-1940s

1930–1934

College years

Richard graduates from Whittier High School and attends Whittier College, where he excels in debate and student leadership. In 1934, he receives a scholarship to attend Duke University Law School.

1937

Begins legal career

After graduating third in his class at Duke, Nixon returns to Whittier to practice law. He joins the firm Wingert & Bewley.

1940

Marries Pat Ryan

Richard marries Thelma “Pat” Ryan after a two-year courtship. They met performing in a community theater play.
“She was everything I ever wanted.”

1942

Enlists in the Navy during WWII

Richard Nixon joins the U.S. Navy as a lieutenant junior grade. He serves in the South Pacific and earns two battle stars for his work managing logistics under combat conditions.

1946

Elected to Congress

Nixon defeats five-term Democratic incumbent Jerry Voorhis in California’s 12th district. He quickly gains a reputation as a hard-charging anti-communist. As a freshman Congressman, Nixon led an investigation that exposed Alger Hiss, a former senior State Department official, as a Soviet spy. Hiss was later sent to prison for perjury.

A LEADER IN WASHINGTON

1950s

1950

Wins U.S. Senate race

Rep. Nixon defeats Congresswoman Helen Gahagan Douglas in a heated campaign for the U.S. Senate. He becomes one of the nation’s leading anti-communist voices.

1952

Chosen as Eisenhower’s
running mate

At age 39, Senator Nixon is selected to run for Vice President with General Dwight D. Eisenhower.

1952

Delivers the “Checkers” speech

Facing accusations of financial impropriety, Sen. Nixon gives a televised address defending his integrity. The speech galvanizes public support and saves his place on the ticket.

1953–1961

Serves as Vice President

Richard Nixon becomes the most active VP in history, traveling to more than 50 countries and advising President Eisenhower on foreign and domestic policy.

1959

“Kitchen Debate” with Khrushchev

During a U.S. exhibition in Moscow, Vice President Nixon debates Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev about capitalism and communism in a model American kitchen. It becomes an iconic Cold War moment.

1960

Loses presidential election

to John F. Kennedy

In one of the closest elections in U.S. history, 
Richard Nixon narrowly loses to JFK.

1962

Loses California governor’s race

After his defeat, Richard Nixon tells reporters:
“You won’t have Nixon to kick around anymore.”

1963–1967

Private citizen

Nixon writes, travels, and campaigns for Republican candidates nationwide, gradually rebuilding his public image.

November 5, 1968

Elected 37th President of the United States

Richard Nixon defeats Vice President Hubert Humphrey and independent candidate George Wallace in a divided America.

1969

Apollo 11 lands on the moon

President Nixon speaks to Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin from the Oval Office, calling it “the greatest week in the history of the world since the Creation.”

1972

Historic visit to China

President Nixon becomes the first U.S. President to visit the People’s Republic of China, ending 25 years of diplomatic silence.

“This was the week that changed the world.”

— President Nixon

1972

First presidential visit to Moscow

Meets with Soviet leaders; signs SALT I treaty and expands U.S.-Soviet cooperation.
“The era of confrontation is now giving way to the era of negotiation.”

— President Nixon

November 7, 1972

Reelected in historic landslide

President Nixon defeats George McGovern, 
winning 49 states and over 60% of the popular vote.

1973

Paris Peace Accords signed

U.S. signs agreement to end involvement in Vietnam. American POWs begin returning home.
“We have achieved peace with honor.” - President Nixon

1974

For the Good of the Nation

In the early morning hours of June 17, 1972, five men were arrested with electronic surveillance equipment inside the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C.

President Nixon’s second term unraveled amid the political fallout from what became known as the Watergate scandal. Months of investigations by Congress and federal prosecutors gradually eroded Nixon’s political support. Nixon resigned the presidency on August 9, 1974.

To learn more about Watergate and its aftermath, read our in-depth Watergate Explained timeline.

“I must put the interests of America first.”

— August 8, 1974

THE ELDER STATESMAN

1974-1994

1977

Frost/Nixon interviews

Former President Nixon gives a series of televised interviews to British journalist David Frost, watched by 45 million Americans.

Nixon on The Purpose of Life

1980s–1990s

The Elder Statesman

Writes 10 books, travels extensively, and advises presidents and world leaders.

January 9, 1993

Pat Nixon passes away

The former First Lady dies of lung cancer.
Richard Nixon is by her side.

April 22, 1994

Death of a Statesman

Richard Milhous Nixon dies in New York City at age 81. He is laid to rest in Yorba Linda next to his wife.

“Only if you have been in the deepest valley, can you ever know how magnificent it is to be on the highest mountain.”

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